ALMA ATA Declaration and National Health Policy|ICDS Supervisor Study materials

ALMA ATA DECLARATION

The Health Assembly of the World Health Organisation (WHO) adopted resolutions in 1976, concerning the provision and promotion of effective comprehensive health care for all people and expressed the need to hold an international conference to exchange experiences on thedevelopment of Primary Health Care. 

The conference was held in Alma Ata, the capital of the erstwhile Kazakh state of Soviet Socialist Republic in 1978. 

The Intergovernmental con ference was attended by delegations from 134 governments and by representatives of 67 United Nations Organisations, specialised agencies, and non- governmental organisation.

The conference ended with the following declaration:

 The conference strongly reaffirms that health, which is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, is a fundamental human right and the attainment of the highest possible level of health isa most important worldwide social goal.

 The existing gross inequality in the health status of the people is politically, socially, and economically unacceptable and is, therefore, of common concern to all countries.

 Economic and social development is of basic importance to the fullest attainment of health for all and to the reduction of the gap between the health status of the developing and developed countries.

 The people have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care.

 Governments have a responsibility for the health of their people which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures. 

A main social target of Governments, international organisations and the whole world community in the coming decades should be the attainment of a level of health by all people of the world by the year 2000 that will permit them to lead a socially and economically productive life.

 Primary health care is the key to attain this target.

 All governments should formulate national policies, strategies and plans of action to launch and sustain primary health care as part of comprehensive national health system.

 All countries should cooperate in a spirit of partnership and service to ensure primary health care for all people.

 An acceptable level of health for all the people of the world by the year 2000 can be attained through a fuller and better use of the world’s resources.

Our government abides by this declaration. Based on this, a national health policy has been formulated.

NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY

To achieve the optimal utilisation of resources and coordinate efforts of different departments and ministries participating in prom otion of health of com munitymembers, the Government of India developed a National Health Policy in 1983.

The salient features of the policy are as follows:

 Recognition of health infrastructure on Primary Health Care approach.

 Reorientation of health personnel, involved in the delivery of government health care services.

 Intersectoral co-ordination and involvement of other sectors such as food and agriculture; water supply and sanitation; education; rural development; social welfare in health care.

 Main thrust on priority areas. These include population control, maternal and child health,

immunisation, water supply and sanitation, school health, nutrition and occupational health.

 Applied research in the identified priority areas.

 Involvement of non-governmental organisation in Health and Family Planning activities.

 Health and population education.

 Involvement of indigenous system of medicine.

 Relevant changes in medical education system to make it community oriented.

 Development of national policy on drugs, nutrition, medical education and children

ICDS Supervisor Questions and Answers

Common Health Problems in India & Different Levels of Health care in India

Read Also: 

1. Meal Planning for the Infant

2. Spplementary foods for Infants

3. Importance of Breast Milk

4. How to Feed Infant? Meal Plan for Infants

5. Meal Planning for the Prechoolers

Topic wise Notes for ICDS Supervisor Exam

1.      Home Science, 

2.      Food and Nutrition, 

3.      Psychology

4.       Physiology

5.       Microbiology

6.        Sociology 

7.      Nutrition and Health 

MCQ Questions & Answers for ICDS Supervisor

1.      ICDS Supervisor NOTES

2.      Previous Questions MCQ|ICDS Supervisor Exam|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC (1-20)

3.      Previous Questions MCQ|ICDS Supervisor Exam|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC (21-30)

4.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ-1

5.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 1

6.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 2

7.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 3

8.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 4

9.      Nutrition & Health MCQ 1

10.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 2

11.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 3

12.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 4

13.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 1

14.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 2

15.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 3

16.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 4

17.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 5

18.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 6

19.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 7

20.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 8

21.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 1

22.  Elementary Care & Education MCQ

23.  Solved Previous Question Paper ICDS Supervisor

24.  Women & Child ICDS Supervisor Exam

25.  Extension Education Notes for ICDS Supervisor

26.  Complete NOTES Child Psychology

Nutrition Notes

5 Food Groups

Nutrition MCQ 1

Nutrition MCQ 2

More Topic wise Notes can be got from the Website https://www.previousquestions.in

 Common Health Problems in India| Different Levels of Health care in India|ICDS Supervisor Study materials

COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS IN INDIA

The common health problems in India include:

 1. Nutritional Disorders

 Nearly 80 per cent of the children below the age of five years are undernourished.

50 per cent of all pregnant and lactating women have nutritional anaemia.

 Vitamin A deficiency is a major problem in 1-3 years age group children. 

Iodine deficiency disorders affect nearly 54 million people in India.

 2. Communicable Diseases

 Malaria, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Filaria, Cholera etc. are few of communicable diseases which causes illnesses in the community.

3. Environmental Sanitation Problems

 Lack of safe drinking water in many areas of the country and unsafe methods of excreta disposal increases the risk of infection and infestation. 

Unsanitary practice are the most common causes of disease and death specially among children and women.

DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

Health care is provided at three levels namely:

1.  Primary Level of Health Care 

The most peripheral level of health care is called primary level health care.

 In India a team of village level functionaries namely village guide, trained dai, male and female multipurpose worker provide primary level health care services to the community.

 Most of the common health problems in the developing countries can be managed by appropriately trained para-medical workers like those mentioned above functioning at the village level.

2. Secondary Level of Health Care

 There are only few health problems which require the services of professionals. 

This level of health care is called secondary level of health care.

 These services are provided through primary health centers, Community health centers, district hospitals etc.

 Tertiary Level of Health Care

 Very few health conditions requires highly specialised type of health care serv ices w h ich are provided through sophisticated hospitals like state hospitals and medical College hospital, national institutes etc.

This level of health care is called tertiary level of health care.

ICDS Supervisor Questions and Answers

Common Health Problems in India & Different Levels of Health care in India

Read Also: 

1. Meal Planning for the Infant

2. Spplementary foods for Infants

3. Importance of Breast Milk

4. How to Feed Infant? Meal Plan for Infants

5. Meal Planning for the Prechoolers

Topic wise Notes for ICDS Supervisor Exam

1.      Home Science, 

2.      Food and Nutrition, 

3.      Psychology

4.       Physiology

5.       Microbiology

6.       Sociology 

7.      Nutrition and Health 

MCQ Questions & Answers for ICDS Supervisor

1.      ICDS Supervisor NOTES

2.      Previous Questions MCQ|ICDS Supervisor Exam|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC (1-20)

3.      Previous Questions MCQ|ICDS Supervisor Exam|ICDS Supervisor Kerala PSC (21-30)

4.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ-1

5.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 1

6.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 2

7.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 3

8.      ICDS Supervisor MCQ set 4

9.      Nutrition & Health MCQ 1

10.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 2

11.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 3

12.  Nutrition & Health MCQ 4

13.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 1

14.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 2

15.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 3

16.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 4

17.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 5

18.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 6

19.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 7

20.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 8

21.  ICDS Supervisor Previous Questions Set 1

22.  Elementary Care & Education MCQ

23.  Solved Previous Question Paper ICDS Supervisor

24.  Women & Child ICDS Supervisor Exam

25.  Extension Education Notes for ICDS Supervisor

26.  Complete NOTES Child Psychology

Nutrition Notes

5 Food Groups

Nutrition MCQ 1

Nutrition MCQ 2

More Topic wise Notes can be got from the Website https://www.previousquestions.in

 ICDS Supervisor Exam Previous Question Paper| ICDS Supervisor Questions and Answers

Previous Paper (Solved) Paper (Solved) ANGANWADI (ICDS) SUPERVISOR Recruitment Exam, 2020

1. Pellagra is caused due to the deficiency of:

A. Thiamine B. Riboflavin

C. Niacin D. Folic acid

2. RDA for iron for an adult Indian woman:

A. 17 mg/d B. 21 mg/d

C. 28 mg/d D. 35 mg/d

3. Fatty liver is a characteristic feature of:

A. Kwashiorkor B. Marasmus

C. Beri-beri D. Pregnancy

4. Which of the following is not an activity of NIN?

A. Clinical studies B. Community studies

C. Supplementary nutrition D. Teaching programmes

5. Which of the following is a condition, not associated

with uncontrolled diabetes?

A. Loss of electrolytes B. Dehydration

C. Necrosis of liver cells D. Glycosuria

6. Egg is used in cookery as:

A. Emulsifier B. Shortening

C. Additive D. Preservative

7. A food rich in Omega3 fatty acids:

A. Fruits B. Vegetables

C. Nuts D. Meat

8. S.N.F. of standard milk is:

A. 4.5% B. 5 %

C. 8.5% D. 9 %

9. Gluten is derived from:

A. Maize B. Wheat

C. Soyabean D. Rice

10. Pectins are:

A. Soluble fibre B. Insoluble fibre

C. Starch D. Resistant starch

11. Mass approach in communication can be obtained

through:

A. Trainings B. Exhibitions

C. Panel discussions D. Group discussions

12. An outline of activities so arranged as to enable

efficient execution of the entire programme:

A. Time plan B. Flow chart

C. Plan of work D. Time schedule

13. An example of non-projected visual aid:

A. Flash card B. Slide

C. Over head projector D. Film strip

14. Non-formal education is:

A. Organised B. Institutionalised

C. Chronologically graded D. Heirarchically structured

15. Mid Day Meal Programme for school children aged between

6-11 years (primary classes) must provide per day:

1

A. 450 kCals and 20 g protein

B. 450 kCals and 12 g protein

C. 700 kCals and 12 g protein

D. 700 kCals and 20 g protein

16. The enzyme present in saliva:

A. Ptyalin B. Bile

C. Gastrin D. Pepsin

17. An accessory sex organ in male:

A. Fallopian tube B. Clitoris

C. Epididymis D. Gamete

18. The opening of the aorta and pulmonary artery is

guarded by:

A. Semilunar valves B. Bicuspid valve

C. Tricuspid valve D. Mitral valve

19. Which of the following is not a fermented food?

A. Tempeh B. Curd

C. Beer D. Chapathi

20. Name a protozoal disease:

A. Amoebic dysentry B. Leprosy

C. Cholera D. Syphilis

21. Participatory approach of child rearing where children

are helped by parents/teachers on taking decisions

about various things:

A. Permissive pattern B. Democratic pattern

C. Authoritarian pattern D. Submissive pattern

22. Language development in children is promoted

through:

A. Solitary play B. Parallel play

C. Story telling D. Sleeping

23. Immunisation given to children against Tuberculosis:

A. BCG B. DPT

C. M M R D. HTB

24. Which among the following is not a reflex present at

the time of birth?

A. Rooting reflex

B. Sucking reflex

C. Moro reflex

D. Knee-jerk reflex when tapped

25. Physical and psychological readiness of the children

to enter school is necessary as it:

A. Affects the parent’s economic capacity

B. Aesthetic values

C. Affects his personality

D. Affects the education system

26. Identify the Sociologist, who coined the term primary

group

A. Auguste Comte B. Morris Ginsberg

C. Gisbert D. C.H. Cooley

27. _________ is the most essential and basic type of

socialization.

A. Secondary socialization B. Re-socialization

C. Primary socialization D. Adult socialization

28. Joined together and working together for a common

goal is generally called ________.

A. Accommodation B. Conflict

C. Assimilation D. Co-operation

29. Among the following which one is not a

characteristics of joint family?

A. Common property and holdings

B. Living in same roof and using of same hearth

C. Common worship and kindered together

D. Individuality and achieved status

30. “Illom” is an example of:

A. Patriarchal Joint family B. Patriarchal Nuclear family

C. Matriarchal Joint family D. Matriarchal Nuclear family

31. POCSO Act was enacted by the parliament in the year:

A. 2016 B. 2014

C. 2012 D. 2018

32. Gerontology is the study of _______ .

A. Aspects of Aging B. Aspects of Marriage

C. Aspects of women D. Aspects of youth

33. “Vimukthi” is a Kerala government mission for

awareness against:

A. Domestic violence B. Bonded labour

C. Deaddiction D. Juvenile Delinquency

34. MinaMata is a disease caused by the release of the chemical:

A. Arsenic B. Chlorine

C. Mercury D. Lead

35. The venue of first earth Summit:

A. Kyoto, Japan B. Rome, Italy

C. Doha, Qatar D. Rio Dejaneiro, Brazil

36. Community Development Programme launched in:

A. 1951 B. 1952

C. 1954 D. 1948

37. National Consumer Day is observed on:

A. December 24 B. January 24

C. October 10 D. November 24

38. November Social distance in a city is due to:

A. The size of city

B. The distance between residences

C. The social heterogeneity

D. The traffic problem in city

39. The first woman Prime Minister in the world:

A. Sirimavo Bandaranaike B. Margaret Thather

C. Indira Gandhi D. Golda Meir

40. According to 2011, census female sex ratio in India:

A. 94 0 B. 94 3

C. 1084 D. 1053

41. Name the social activist who lead the historical struggle

against MNC Coco Cola:

A. Gomathy B. Mayilemma

C. Medha Patkar D. Vandana Shiva

42. Nirbhaya Act came into force on:

A. April 3, 2010 B. April 3, 2015

C. April 3, 2013 D. April 3, 2016

43. The first transgender school in India has opened in:

A. Kolkata B. Mumbai

C. Nagarcoil D. Kochi

44. Which among the following is not a method of primary

data collection?

A. Observation B. Interview

C. Experimentation D. Content Analysis

45. The well known ethnological work, “Remembered

village” is written by:

A. G.S. Ghurye B. M.N. Srinivas

C. A.R. Desai D. Gail Omvedt

46. The small scale preliminary study conducted in order to

understand the feasibility of actual study is known as:

A. Focus study B. Case study

C. Pre-test D. Pilot study

47. Set of questions which are asked and filled by the

interviewer in a face to face interview with another

person is known as:

A. Schedule B. Questionnaire

C. Check list D. Field Diar

48. Which among the following is not a quality of case study?

A. Indepth investigation

B. Versatility

C. Wholistic understanding

D. Studying complex phenomena

49. Name the dam in Narmada River which allegedly causing

displacement of thousands of tribal people in Gujarat?

A. Sardar Sarovar Dam B. Tehri Dam

C. Nagarjuna Sagar Dam D. Hirakud Dam

50. Identify the name given to the tropical cyclone that

hit Kerala coastal lines during December, 2017:

A. Gaja B. Okhi

C. Tsunami D. Fani

51. A special award has been constituted which is given

for Best Reporting on Women in Panchayati Raj.

What is the name of that award?

A. Nari Ratna award B. Indira Gandhi Award

C. Sarojini Naidu Award D. Mother Teresa Award

52. ‘Gender difference’ denotes an analytical framework

in which:

A. biological differences between sexes are explained.

B. political and economic differences among women

are explained.

C. social and ideological differences between white

and racial differences of women are explained.

D. social and ideological differences between sexes

are explained.

53. ‘Tarawad’ is a matrilineal joint family found in the State of:

A. Tamil Nadu B. Kerala

C. Karnataka D. Assam

54. Maya and John are unmarried, live together, and have

no children. They are a:

A. Nuclear family B. Extended family

C. Cohabiting couple D. Progressive couple

55. A whirlwind relationship that begins the day a couple

meets and quickly results in cohabitation or

engagement followed by marriage is called:

A. Romantic love B. Fatuous love

C. Consummate D. None of these

56. Which of the following are most likely to be involved

in domestic violence?

A. Older men B. Adolescents of both sexes

C. Older women D. Young adults of both sexes

57. A long-term use of cocaine may develop symptoms of

other psychological disorders such as:

A. major depression B. social phobia

C. eating disorders D. All of these

58. The alcohol intoxicated individual has less cognitive

capacity available to process all ongoing information

and so alcohol acts to narrow attention and means

that the drinker process fewer cues less level. This is

known as...

A. Alcohol myopia B. Alcohol dependency

C. Alcohol abuse D. Alcoholic addiction

59. _________ takes many forms, ranging from emotional

abuse by family and caretakers to sexual and other

forms of physical abuse, and includes financial scams.

A. Elder abuse B. Domestic violence

C. Reckless assault D. Heat of passion crimes

60. Definition of domestic violence is provided under ___.

A. Section 3 B. Section 2(e)

C. Section 2(f) D. Section 2(h)

61. Which shall be a Competent Court to try the cases

pertaining to Protection of Women from Domestic

Violence Act, 2005?

A. Family court

B. The court of district magistrate

C. The court of JMFC

D. The court of special judge

62. Protection of women from Domestic Violence Act

2005 came into force from:

A. 26 September, 2005 B. 26 October, 2006

C. 26 October, 2005 D. 13 September, 2006

63. What type of unemployment is found in the agriculture

sector of India?

A. Disguised unemployment

B. Voluntary unemployment

C. Frictional unemployment

D. None of the above

64. _________ launched in 2015 has an objective of

enabling a large number of Indian youth to take up

industry-relevant skill training that will help them in

securing a better livelihood.

A. Start Up India Scheme

B. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)

C. Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment

D. None of these

65. Which of the following is not considered as a social

indicator of poverty?

A. Less number of means of transport

B. Illiteracy level

C. Lack of access to health care

D. Lack of job opportunities

66. The Concept of ‘entitlements’ was introduced by:

A. Pranab Mukharjee B. Amartya Sen

C. Manmohan Singh D. Narendra Modi

67. In which year was NREGA enacted?

A. 2005 B. 2006

C. 2004 D. 2003

68. Who conducts the periodical sample survey for

estimating the poverty line in India?

A. Statistical Institute of India

B. National Sample Survey Organisation

C. Sample Survey Organisation

D. None of these

69. High level radioactive waste can be managed in which

of the following ways?

A. Dumping in sealed containers

B. Open dumping

C. Incineration

D. None of these

70. Ashok Mehta Committee in 1977 recommended for

the establishment of:

A. Nagar Panchayat B. Panchayat Samiti

C. Village Panchayat D. Mandal Panchayat

71. In the Indian Constitution, which type of the Sabha

is mentioned under Panchayat Raj:

A. District Sabha B. Gram Sabha

C. Nagar Panchayat Sabha D. Zila Sabha

72. Under Constitutional Article 243, what is the meaning

of Panchayat _______.

A. Self Gram Panchayat Raj B. Panchayat of Government

C. Self Government D. None of these

73. How many posts are reserved for women at all levels

in Panchayati Raj System?

A. 1/3 B. 1/2

C. 2/3 D. 1/4

74. Prohibition of child labour is dealt by the article ____.

A. 2 4 B. 2 7

C. 2 6 D. None of these

75. Sociogenic ageing based on _______.

A. Social problems on ageing

B. Social hierarchy of aged

C. Folklore, prejudices and stereotypes about age

D. None of these

76. Fear of open places is called _______.

A. Agoraphobia B. Algophobia

C. Acrophobia D. Aerophobia

77. The ability to perceive objects or events that do not

directly stimulate your sense organs:

A. Telepathy B. Precognition

C. Clairvoyance D. Psychokinesis

78. Prosopagnosia is the inability to detect familiar _______.

A. Sound B. Place

C. Object D. Face

79. The variable that is measured in an experiment is ____.

A. Independent variable B. Dependent variable

C. Extraneous variable D. Secondary variable

80. Procedural memory is otherwise known as _______.

A. Explicit memory B. Implicit memory

C. Episodic memory D. Semantic memory

81. The form of conditioning in which the Conditioned

Stimulus (CS) and the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

begin and end at the same time is called ________.

A. Reconditioning B. Extinction

C. Simultaneous conditioning D. Backward conditioning

82. Wilhelm Wundt founded the first laboratory of

Psychology in Germany in the year:

A. 1879 B. 1897

C. 1789 D. 1779

83. ________ lobe is associated with vision.

A. Frontal B. Temporal

C. Parietal D. Occipital

84. Our tendency to think of using objects only as they

have been used in the past:

A. Schema B. Mental Set

C. Functional fixedness D. Analogy

85. Maslow refers to physiological, safety and social

needs as _______.

A. Esteem needs B. Self actualization needs

C. Growth needs D. Deficiency needs

86. Negative symptom in Schizophrenia:

A. Hallucination B. Delusion

C. Avolition D. Disorganized behaviour

87. Example of odd and eccentric behaviour:

A. Schizoid B. Borderline

C. Avoidant D. Histrionic

88. A visual cue based on comparison of the size of an

unknown object to object of known size is ________.

A. Visual acuity B. Monocular cue

C. Binocular cue D. Relative size

89. Who proposed Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?

A. Cattell B. Gardner

C. Sternberg D. Spearman

90. DSM IV TR was published in the year:

A. 1987 B. 1994

C. 2000 D. 2013

91. Titchner was associated with:

A. Structuralism B. Functionalism

C. Behaviourism D. Humanistic Psychology

92. Neuron that carry information from sense organs to

spinal cord:

A. Efferent B. Afferent

C. Connector D. Interneuron

93. Smaller and faster brain waves indicating mental activity:

A. Beta B. Alpha

C. Theta D. Delta

94. An example of concept that closely matches the

defining characteristic of the concept:

A. Heuristic B. Idea

C. Rule D. Prototype

95. Part of personality that acts as moral center:

A. Id B. Ego

C. Super ego D. Eros

96. The basic unit of sound in language is:

A. Syntax B. Morphemes

C. Semantic D. Phonemes

97. Tendency of certain kinds of information to enter

long term memory with little or no effortful encoding:

A. Flashbulb memory B. Constructive processing

C. Retrieval D. Automatic encoding

98. A Gestalt Principle of perception, the tendency to

complete figure that are incomplete is:

A. Proximity B. Closure

C. Continuity D. Similarity

99. Type of thinking in which a person starts from one

point and comes up with many different ideas and

possibilities based on that point:

A. Divergent thinking B. Convergent thinking

C. Creativity D. Insight

100. Which one of the following is not a projective technique?

A. Rorschach inkblot test B. WAIS

C. Sentence completion test D. TAT

ANSWERS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0

C B A C C A C C B A

1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0

B C A A B A C A D A

2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0

B C A D C D C D D A

3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 0

C A C C D B A C A B

4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 5 0

B C D D B D A B A B

5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 6 0

C D B C B D D A C A

6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 7 0

C B A B A B A B A B

7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 7 9 8 0

B C A A C A C D B B

8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 7 8 8 8 9 9 0

C A D C D C A D C C

9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 7 9 8 9 9 100

A B A D C D B B A B